MANNIR AHMAD GETSO Internet (Internetworking), wurine da ake shiga ta
cikin computer, domin ayi bincike, ko a aika da sakwanni zuwa kowace
computa a duniya, a cikin dan kankanin lokaci. Ta haka zaka iya aikawa
sakonni na sauti, ko na magana, ko na hoto, ko na bidiyo da sauransu,
zuwa ko wace computar da kakesonka aika, a duniya. Internet ansamo shine
bayan shekara 20 da suka wuce, samunshi ya samo asaline da wata
hadakanyar Computa, da majalisar tsaro ta amuruka da ake kira ARPAnet
tayi, an hadane ta hanyar harhada computer wuri daya domin su samu
dammar aikawa da sakonni, zuwa kowace computa cikin dan kankanen lokaci.
Ta haka ne sai aka hada wayar computer da layin telephone domin, aikawa
da sakonni, zuwa kowane wuri na duniya, yadda za’a iya aikawa da
sakonnin ta daruruwan kilomitoci. Shi Internet yana aiki ne, kamar yadda
wayar salula ta ke aiki, misali idan kana da handset kana da namba,
wanda da wannnan nambar zaka rinka aikawa da sakonni, ko karban sakonni,
misalign nambar sune 08051619043 , to itama duk computer da kayi
connect tin dinta da Internet tan a da namba, wanda wannna nambar ita
ake kira, IP ADDRESS, (IP yana nufin INTERNET PROTOCOL). Kowace computa
da nata misalign ip address shine 192.168.32.1 Shi Internet ta wurin
aikawa da sakonni yana amfani da wani abu wanda ake kira Internet
Protocol shi Internet protocol shine yake nuna DATA (information) dinka
zasu ko daga ina suke misali:- karubuta wasika a computa ta 192.168.45.2
zaka aika 192.168.87.45, ko idan zaka aika da wasika irin ta gargajiya
bawai zakaje ka ajje wasikar a post office bane, a’a yana bukatar
karubuta adireshin da wasikar zataje, to shima haka internet protocol
yake a internet, yana da nambobi guda hudu, kumka kowace namba tana kasa
da 256, nambobin suna nan kamar haka:- 192.112.36.5 ko 128.174.5.6 kaga
nambobin farko suna nuna daga wane irin network sako yake, na dama daga
karshe shike nuna daga wacce computa bayanin yafito, misali:- kana kana
cyber café a computer ta 12 sannan network din su shine 128 kaga IP
naka zai zama 128.XXX.XXX.12. Idan baka gane misalign farko bag a dan
gajeren misali ko zaka gane:- misali kana da handset, da namba, sai ka
rubuta sako ka aika wa wani, shi wanda ka aikawan, ya cire layinsa daga
cikin handset dinsa, to lokacin da ka aika da wannan sakon, sakon zai ta
fi network (misali MTN), idan yaje can, sai su ajje wannan sakon har
lokacin da wanda ka aikawa sakon yasa layinsa, yana sa layin sa, zai ga
sakon da ka aiko mai, ya karanta. To shima Email haka yake, idan ka budo
email dinka ka, ka rubuta wasika zuwa ga wani, wanda ka aikawa idan
baya kan computer, to wannan wasikar zata ta fi wurin webserver (misali
YAHOO), sun e zasu ajje wannan sakon, har duk lokacin da wanda ka aikawa
sakon yaje yabudo email dinsa, sai sutoro maid a wasikunsa ga b daya ,
ya karantasu, zasu turo masa net a hanyar WEB BROWSER (wanda zanyi
Magana anan gaba), bayan sun turo masa shi kuma sai yakaranta ta anan,
web browser din. Da farko kafin na fara Magana akan, yadda zaka hada
computer, da internet, an sake kawo misali. Game da internet, misali:-
Idan kasiya handset bazaka iya kiran kowa ba sai ka saka layi amma zaka
iya budo cikin ta, zaka iya kara suna ye, harma zaka iya rubuta wasika
amma ba zaka iya aikawa da wasikar ba sabo da baka sa layi ba, na biyu
idan zaka a layi zaka zabi, irin wane layi zaka sa, layin VMOBILE, ko
MTN, ko glo, ko MTEL, su wadannan su ake kira Network Service Provider,
idan kasiya layin, ajiki ne zaka ga nambarka, wanda da shine zaka iya
kiran kowa, to itama haka computa take, idan ka siya computa idan
kanason Internet, zakasamu Intenet Service Provider (I S P).
======================= 1. Bincike ta fanning ilimi mai zurfi, kamar
su:- Tarihin sahabbai, Tarihin yakukkunan
da manzon Allah yayi, Tarihin ka’aba,
Tarihin sauran kasashe, Tarihin
Al’umma da yarensu da sauran
abubuwa masu zurfi Koyon karatu:- 2. Akwai websites din dazakaje ana koyarma da karatu, har a rinka baku
assignment, har in ka gama abaka
certificate, idan kana son website duba
feji na ka duba karshen wannan
Handout din TUNTUBE MU A. 3. Neman magani n wani ciwo:- idan wani ciwo na damunka akwai websites
din dazakaje karubuta abin dayake
damun ka, idan kayi sendin, zakaga an
aikoma dasunayen magungunan
wanan ciwon 4. Neman Aiki:- akwai website da dama dazaka shiga a Internet kanemi
Aiki, kamar aikin Gwamnati, aikin
typing kana zaune a gida, da sau
ransu. Idan kana son list din websites
din ka duba karshen wannan Handout
din TUNTUBE MU A 5. Siyayya:- a internet akwai websites din da zaka rubuta abin da zaka siya a
fadamaka farashin sa, in ma kana da
credit card kasiya idan daga kasar
waje ne ayoma shippin dinsa zuwa
Nigeria a fada maka adireshin da
zakaje ka karbi abin naka. 6. Duba Taswira:- akwai websites da dama dazakaje karubuta sunan local
government dinku ko kauyenku akawo
ma map din kauyen gabadaya da
hanyoyi duk, har wanda basan kauyen
ba zaka iya nunamai hanyoin da zai je
gidanku. 7. Aikawa da sakonni da karban sakonni:- ta internet zaka iya aikawa da sakonni zuwa wurare dabam
dabam, zaka iya aikawa da sako daga
website zuwa handest. SAURAN ABUBUWAN SUNE: - 8. Kallon labarai:- CNN, MSN etc Kallon Kwallon Kafa 9. Jin Labarai:- BBC, MSN, etc 10. Yin abokanai daga kasashen waje 11. Yin magana da mutum yana ganin ka kana ganin sa. 12. Yin University ta Internet, (Degree) Cyber café wurine da aka tanada
domin shiga Internet, wurine da
zakaga computoci duk anyi connectin
dinsu da internet, idan kaje wurin kana
son kayi browsing zaka basu kudin iya
awowin da kakeson kayi, sai su baka wata takarda da take dauke da
password din, wannan nambobin sune
zakaje karubuta su ajikin computa ka
budo internet, zanyi bayani akan yadda
ake budowa nan gaba. Web browser itace softwayace da zata baka damar budo, da ganin Shafuffukan Yanr Gizo, wato Website, Misalin web browser sune:- Microsoft Internet Explorer, Opera, Netscafe Navigator, Mozilla, dasauransu. Website itace tarin Shafuffukan yanar
Gizo, wadanda suke dauke da bayanai
na rubutu, ko hotuna, ko sauti, da
abubuwa masu motsi. Wanda nan
zaka budo kakaranta bayanan da kake
so.Misalan website sune, :- www.bbchausa.com www.yahoo.com
www.google.com , duk adireshin da kaga ya farad a www to website ne,
www yana nufin World Wide Web.
Sannan zaka ga yawanci suna karewa
da, .com (company), ko .org
(organization). Ko .net(network), da
sauransu, ko kaga yak are da .co.uk wato yana nufin ita wannan website
din ta Engla ce, .co.ng, wannan
website din ta Nigeria ce, idan
kanason cikakken bayani kaduba
karshen wannna littafi. Email address, abubuwane guda wato Email da www, su wadannan suna karkashin wani abune da ake kira domain name system, amfaninsa shine domin tantance adireshin yanargizo a internet, misali, agari zaka samu akwai, unguwa a unguwa akwai layi a layi akwai gida, to haka ma wannnan, misali www.yahoo.com kaga wannan adirehi ne A wanan bangaren, zanyi bayanine akan yadda zaka shiga Internet kayi browsing da yadda zakayi amfani da mouse wurin yin browsing din, da fark bari nafara da mouse. Shi mouse dashi ake amfani wurin
motsa pointer din dake cikin monitor
(screen din computer), shine zakaga
kana motsashi itama pointer din na
motsawa, kuma idan zaka rike mouse
zaka rike shine kamar haka:- Figure 1 sanan Idande kana browsing idan zakayi click koyaushe karinka yin click din bangaren hagu, sannan idande kana cikin website bazakayi click din wuri ba sai kaga pointa din ta zama hoton hannu, duk inda kaga ta zama hoton hannu za’a iya shiga wurin, wato zaka iya click a wurin, sanan inda zakayi click din zai iya zamowa rubutu ko hoto ko abu me motsi, duk lokacin da kayi click akan abu zai bude ma wannan abun, misali:- ka bude website din www.bbchausa.com kana duba fejin sai kaga wani wuri an rubuta LABAUN SAFE to dakaje kan tsakiyar rubutun zakaga pointar ta zama hannu, sai kayi click a wurin, to zai kaika shafin da aka kawo labarum safen, sannan kada kamanta koyaushe zakayi click karinka yin click din bangaren hagu na mouse din, sanan a wasu shafin zakakyi amfani da ENTER na kibod wurin yin click, kamar a yahoo sign in zaka iya yin amfani da ENTER wurin click din sign in din, kuma zaka iya yin amfani da mouse wurin yin sama da feji ko kasa, zakazo can barin karshe na screen zaka wani arrow asama da wani akasa saikazo kayin click akan aron zakaga fejin nayin sama ko kasa, idan kuma baka ganeba zaka iya amfani da aron sama ko na kasa ajikin kibod din. Sanan yanzu zan koma inyi bayani daki-daki wurin shiga internet din. Da farko idan kanason kashiga internet
zaka tafi inda cyber café take, wato
inda zakaje kasamu mutane ana ta
browsin kamar haka:- sanan idan garin dakake babu cyber café to zaka iya shiga Internet ta cikin Handset dinka zan yi bayani nan gaba. Idan kaje cyber café zaka tambayi irin awar da kake so kayi yawnacin awa daya bata wuce N100, idan ka basu kudin zasu baka watya ‘yar takarda wacce password din yake cikin ta, bayan sun baka sai kazo ka samu computer da bakowa akai, zaka sameta kamar haka Figure 2 bayan kazo ka zauna, zak duba inda aka rubuta (misali click here to enter a password),zaka ga wurine da dogon layi kamar haka sai kazo cikin wurin kayi click sai ka kwafe password din awanan wurin ba yan ka kwafe sai kayi click din login, ko kadanna ENTER, kana Deanna nawa zata bude maka DESKTOP, kamar haka:- wanan shi ake kira desktop. Bayan ka budo desktop, sai kaduba
inda aka rubuta daya daga cikin
wadannan:- Internet Explorer, Fire Fox, Opera, Netscape Navigator. Da kaga daya daga cikin wadannan sai
kayi double click, idan bakaga ko wane
ba sai kaje can kasa gefen hagu zaka
ga inda ka rubuta START sai kaje wurin kayi click, bayan kayi click sai
ka duba inda aka rubuta Internet Explorer, sai kayi double click akan wurin, idan kuma baka ga kowanne ba
sai ka tambayi masu lura da cyber
café din. Bayan kayi click akan
Internet Explorer zakaga ta bude maka
feji kamar haka:- Ms Internet Explorer ita ce web
browser din da tafi sauki wurin shiga
internet, kuma yawancin kowace
cyber café kaje zaka samu suna da
internet explorer, don haka ko yaushe
kaje browsin sai ka duba internet explorer a desktop. Kuma ita internet
explorer software ce, wani zai iya yin
tambaya yace wai mene internet
explorer ko mene software, kuma
mutane da yawa suna mamakin wai
tayaya computa take aiki, har im bakayi abu daidai ba tagyara maka,
harma kaga tana maka gargadi, to
kafin im baka amsar wadannan
tambayoyi bari in dada fada maka wai
menene computer kamar yadda na yi
bayani a farko, to ita dai computa duk abin dakaga tanayi to wannan abin sa
mata akayi, duk wani gargadiu dakaga
tana yi to mutum ne yazauna ya shirya
mata, wanan abin da ake shirya mata
shi ake kira program, sanan program din ake harhada wa ashirya mata
akirasu Software, ko kaima zaka iya shirya computer program na Hausa, idan ka samata zakaga kowane abu da
zata rinka nuna maka da hausa
zakaga tana yi, har gargadi duk da
hausa, tambaya ma da hausa. Akwai
wani software da nashiray na hausa
na yin maakin dalibai na makaranta, kana yin run din program din a computa, zaka ga ta tambayeka da
hausa; kamar haka zata tambayeka maakin duka makarantar zakayi
ko maakin wani aji zakayi?, idan ka zabi na aji, sai ta kara
tambayarka.. daliban ajin sunawane sannan darasi nawa
kae koyarwa a ajin, idan ka shigar da wanan zata tambaye ka daga maaki nawane mutum za’a sa ya
fadi sanan tace shigar da maakin step by step sai ka danna enter, idan ka gama ka danna ENTER, zaka
ga taware maka suanan kowa da
maakin da yacoi da position din da ya
zo, harma idan kana son kayi wa kowa
report shiit zata yi maka, kai dai
akinka shine shigar da maaki. To kaga wannan abin shi ake kira software,
kuma akwai software dabam dabam
danayi na hausa, idan kana so, zaka
iya aiko da email zuwa manniruahmad@yahoo.com ko ka duba karshen wannan Handout din
TUNTUBE MU A.To kaga anan Ms
Internet Explorer shima software ne
wanda kamfanin Microsoft takje
shiryawa. Bayan kaje cyber café, kasiya time ambaka password kashigar da password din ka budo internet explorer, (fml=START—INTERNET EXPLORER). Sai ka duba can sama kusa da inda akarubuta Address, sai kazo kayi click a wannan dogon layin, karubuta, mail.yahoo.com kamar haka:- bayan ka rubuta sai kadanna Go ko ENTER. Bayan kadanna enter zaka ta bude maka wani feji kamar haka:- Bayan yabudo maka fejin, sai ka duba inda aka rubuta sign up sai kayi click bayan kayi click sai kajira shi zai kawo maka form din yahoo registration, bayan ya kawo maka form din yahoo registration, yanzu sai kafara cike form din kamar haka:- Bayan ka kamala cike form din, sai kaduba inda aka rubuta I agree sai kayi click din wurin, bayan kayi click din zaka dan cira har compuatr ta gama reading din form din bayan ta gama bayan tagama in kayi dai dai zakaga ta kawo ma wani sabon feji an rubuta Registration is Complete. Kamar haka shi wanan fejin zaka iya yin printing dinsa, idan kana son kayi printin dinsa kira masu kula da cyber café din su yi maka printin din, in kuma zakayi dakanka sai kadanna FILE-PRINT. Lokacin da ta nunama registration is
complete, idan kaduba kasan zakaga
an rubuta continue to yahoo mail, sai
kayi click din wurin, idan kayi click din
wurin, zakaga ya bude maka email din
ka, zaka ga an rubuta eg=welcome sager. Shi E-Mail address zaka iya budeshi a wurare kamar haka yahoo.com hotmail.com mail.com lycos.com netaddress.com email.com 37.com. Kamar yadda nayi bayani a baya, bayan kaje cyber café kaje harka budo internet explorer, zaka zo kusa da inda aka rubuta address, sai karabuta mail.yahoo.com bayan karubuta sai kadanna Go za’a budo ma feji :- bayan fejin ya bude, sai kazo inda aka rubuta yahoo ID, anan sai karubuta email dinka ba dole bane sai kasa @yahoo.com, bayan ka rubuta sai kadanna TAB ajikin kibod, ko kayi click din inda aka rubuta password sai karubuta password dinka bayan karubuta sai kayi click akan Sign in sai kajira yafude bayan yabude zakaga an ma Wellcome, idan kuma by bude ba to kayi mistake din wani harafi, sai kasake shigarwa. Idan zaka karanta wasika, sai kayi click akan inda aka rubuta inbox, ko kuma CHECK MAIL ko inda aka rubuta You have xx unread message, sai kayi click din wurin, bayan kayi click ta jero maka wasikun dakake dasu sai kazo, kan wasika, kan abin da wasikar ta kunsa sai kayi click, kana yin click zakaga wasikar ta bude sai ka karantata. Bayan ka gama karanta wasika, idan zaka goge sai ka danna DELETE zaka ganshi a saman wasikar ko a kasan wasikan,in ka gama karantawa sai kadanna CHECK MAIL or INBOX. Lokacin daka bude email dinka, idan wasika zaka rubuta sai kazo sama bangaren hagu zaka ga inda akarubuta COMPOSE sai kayi click bayan kayi click zai bude maka wani feji kamar haka:- Idan zaka rubuta wasika kana son ka kara girman rubutun, zaka duba sam kadan cikin inda kake rubuta wasikar, zakaga karamar A da babban A inkaje wurin kafin ka danna zakaga an rubuta Front Size sai kayi click din wurin, sai kazabi rin girman rubutun dakakeso. Idan kanason kasawa subutun dakake
yi kala, zakaje jerin layin daka dauko
na baya, inda kaga anyi wani T , kafin
kayi click zakaga anrubuta text colour,
sai kayi click din wurin, zai kawomaka
kaloli sai kazaba kalan dakakeso kayi click. Shi hyperlink rubutu ne, wanda idan kadanna rubutun zai kaika websites din da aka rubuta a jikin wannan hyperlink din, misali wani abokinka ne baisan ebsite din Google ba sai kana son ka aika masa da website din ta cikin email dinka, sai kazo jerin wurin da kadauko sauran zakaga inda akayi hoton kamar duniya da wani abu kamar akwa ajikin, kafin kayi click zakaga an rubuta create hyperlink sai kayi click din wurin, amma farko sai karubuta website din misali Google (sai kayi highlight dinsa) bayan karubuta sai kasa mouse dinka a gaban G sai kadanne sai kaja harzuwa e zakaga yai baki sai kaje wurin creat hypalink kayi click sai karubuta website din eg= www.google.com sai kadanna ok, duk acikin wasikar zakayi wannan. Attach file ana sashine idan kanson ka aika da hoto ko wani file daga computer dinka, idan kanason ka aika da attach file lokacin daka budo wasika zakaga wani wuri anrubuta Attach files sai kayi click a wurin zai budo maka wani wuri sai kayi click akan browse bayan kayi click saika zabi file dinda zaka aika bayan kayi click akan file din sai kayi click akan open sannan sai kayi click din attach files sai kajirata ta gama loda file din sai kayi click akan continue message sai kaci gaba da wasikarka. Idan kana rubuta wasika sai baka gamaba kuma kaga lokacin ka ya kusa karewa ko kana son ka ajje wasikar bayanzu zaka aika da itaba, zaka iya ajje ta a draft lokacin da kadawo kaci gaba da rubuta ta sannan sai ka aika, yada zaka ajje abu a draft shine, lokacin da kake rubuta wasika idan kaduba saman wasikar zakaga inda aka rubuta SAVE AS DRAFT to nan zakayi click sai ta ajje ma wasikar duk randa kazo sai kaci gaba.
da manzon Allah yayi, Tarihin ka’aba,
Tarihin sauran kasashe, Tarihin
Al’umma da yarensu da sauran
abubuwa masu zurfi Koyon karatu:- 2. Akwai websites din dazakaje ana koyarma da karatu, har a rinka baku
assignment, har in ka gama abaka
certificate, idan kana son website duba
feji na ka duba karshen wannan
Handout din TUNTUBE MU A. 3. Neman magani n wani ciwo:- idan wani ciwo na damunka akwai websites
din dazakaje karubuta abin dayake
damun ka, idan kayi sendin, zakaga an
aikoma dasunayen magungunan
wanan ciwon 4. Neman Aiki:- akwai website da dama dazaka shiga a Internet kanemi
Aiki, kamar aikin Gwamnati, aikin
typing kana zaune a gida, da sau
ransu. Idan kana son list din websites
din ka duba karshen wannan Handout
din TUNTUBE MU A 5. Siyayya:- a internet akwai websites din da zaka rubuta abin da zaka siya a
fadamaka farashin sa, in ma kana da
credit card kasiya idan daga kasar
waje ne ayoma shippin dinsa zuwa
Nigeria a fada maka adireshin da
zakaje ka karbi abin naka. 6. Duba Taswira:- akwai websites da dama dazakaje karubuta sunan local
government dinku ko kauyenku akawo
ma map din kauyen gabadaya da
hanyoyi duk, har wanda basan kauyen
ba zaka iya nunamai hanyoin da zai je
gidanku. 7. Aikawa da sakonni da karban sakonni:- ta internet zaka iya aikawa da sakonni zuwa wurare dabam
dabam, zaka iya aikawa da sako daga
website zuwa handest. SAURAN ABUBUWAN SUNE: - 8. Kallon labarai:- CNN, MSN etc Kallon Kwallon Kafa 9. Jin Labarai:- BBC, MSN, etc 10. Yin abokanai daga kasashen waje 11. Yin magana da mutum yana ganin ka kana ganin sa. 12. Yin University ta Internet, (Degree) Cyber café wurine da aka tanada
domin shiga Internet, wurine da
zakaga computoci duk anyi connectin
dinsu da internet, idan kaje wurin kana
son kayi browsing zaka basu kudin iya
awowin da kakeson kayi, sai su baka wata takarda da take dauke da
password din, wannan nambobin sune
zakaje karubuta su ajikin computa ka
budo internet, zanyi bayani akan yadda
ake budowa nan gaba. Web browser itace softwayace da zata baka damar budo, da ganin Shafuffukan Yanr Gizo, wato Website, Misalin web browser sune:- Microsoft Internet Explorer, Opera, Netscafe Navigator, Mozilla, dasauransu. Website itace tarin Shafuffukan yanar
Gizo, wadanda suke dauke da bayanai
na rubutu, ko hotuna, ko sauti, da
abubuwa masu motsi. Wanda nan
zaka budo kakaranta bayanan da kake
so.Misalan website sune, :- www.bbchausa.com www.yahoo.com
www.google.com , duk adireshin da kaga ya farad a www to website ne,
www yana nufin World Wide Web.
Sannan zaka ga yawanci suna karewa
da, .com (company), ko .org
(organization). Ko .net(network), da
sauransu, ko kaga yak are da .co.uk wato yana nufin ita wannan website
din ta Engla ce, .co.ng, wannan
website din ta Nigeria ce, idan
kanason cikakken bayani kaduba
karshen wannna littafi. Email address, abubuwane guda wato Email da www, su wadannan suna karkashin wani abune da ake kira domain name system, amfaninsa shine domin tantance adireshin yanargizo a internet, misali, agari zaka samu akwai, unguwa a unguwa akwai layi a layi akwai gida, to haka ma wannnan, misali www.yahoo.com kaga wannan adirehi ne A wanan bangaren, zanyi bayanine akan yadda zaka shiga Internet kayi browsing da yadda zakayi amfani da mouse wurin yin browsing din, da fark bari nafara da mouse. Shi mouse dashi ake amfani wurin
motsa pointer din dake cikin monitor
(screen din computer), shine zakaga
kana motsashi itama pointer din na
motsawa, kuma idan zaka rike mouse
zaka rike shine kamar haka:- Figure 1 sanan Idande kana browsing idan zakayi click koyaushe karinka yin click din bangaren hagu, sannan idande kana cikin website bazakayi click din wuri ba sai kaga pointa din ta zama hoton hannu, duk inda kaga ta zama hoton hannu za’a iya shiga wurin, wato zaka iya click a wurin, sanan inda zakayi click din zai iya zamowa rubutu ko hoto ko abu me motsi, duk lokacin da kayi click akan abu zai bude ma wannan abun, misali:- ka bude website din www.bbchausa.com kana duba fejin sai kaga wani wuri an rubuta LABAUN SAFE to dakaje kan tsakiyar rubutun zakaga pointar ta zama hannu, sai kayi click a wurin, to zai kaika shafin da aka kawo labarum safen, sannan kada kamanta koyaushe zakayi click karinka yin click din bangaren hagu na mouse din, sanan a wasu shafin zakakyi amfani da ENTER na kibod wurin yin click, kamar a yahoo sign in zaka iya yin amfani da ENTER wurin click din sign in din, kuma zaka iya yin amfani da mouse wurin yin sama da feji ko kasa, zakazo can barin karshe na screen zaka wani arrow asama da wani akasa saikazo kayin click akan aron zakaga fejin nayin sama ko kasa, idan kuma baka ganeba zaka iya amfani da aron sama ko na kasa ajikin kibod din. Sanan yanzu zan koma inyi bayani daki-daki wurin shiga internet din. Da farko idan kanason kashiga internet
zaka tafi inda cyber café take, wato
inda zakaje kasamu mutane ana ta
browsin kamar haka:- sanan idan garin dakake babu cyber café to zaka iya shiga Internet ta cikin Handset dinka zan yi bayani nan gaba. Idan kaje cyber café zaka tambayi irin awar da kake so kayi yawnacin awa daya bata wuce N100, idan ka basu kudin zasu baka watya ‘yar takarda wacce password din yake cikin ta, bayan sun baka sai kazo ka samu computer da bakowa akai, zaka sameta kamar haka Figure 2 bayan kazo ka zauna, zak duba inda aka rubuta (misali click here to enter a password),zaka ga wurine da dogon layi kamar haka sai kazo cikin wurin kayi click sai ka kwafe password din awanan wurin ba yan ka kwafe sai kayi click din login, ko kadanna ENTER, kana Deanna nawa zata bude maka DESKTOP, kamar haka:- wanan shi ake kira desktop. Bayan ka budo desktop, sai kaduba
inda aka rubuta daya daga cikin
wadannan:- Internet Explorer, Fire Fox, Opera, Netscape Navigator. Da kaga daya daga cikin wadannan sai
kayi double click, idan bakaga ko wane
ba sai kaje can kasa gefen hagu zaka
ga inda ka rubuta START sai kaje wurin kayi click, bayan kayi click sai
ka duba inda aka rubuta Internet Explorer, sai kayi double click akan wurin, idan kuma baka ga kowanne ba
sai ka tambayi masu lura da cyber
café din. Bayan kayi click akan
Internet Explorer zakaga ta bude maka
feji kamar haka:- Ms Internet Explorer ita ce web
browser din da tafi sauki wurin shiga
internet, kuma yawancin kowace
cyber café kaje zaka samu suna da
internet explorer, don haka ko yaushe
kaje browsin sai ka duba internet explorer a desktop. Kuma ita internet
explorer software ce, wani zai iya yin
tambaya yace wai mene internet
explorer ko mene software, kuma
mutane da yawa suna mamakin wai
tayaya computa take aiki, har im bakayi abu daidai ba tagyara maka,
harma kaga tana maka gargadi, to
kafin im baka amsar wadannan
tambayoyi bari in dada fada maka wai
menene computer kamar yadda na yi
bayani a farko, to ita dai computa duk abin dakaga tanayi to wannan abin sa
mata akayi, duk wani gargadiu dakaga
tana yi to mutum ne yazauna ya shirya
mata, wanan abin da ake shirya mata
shi ake kira program, sanan program din ake harhada wa ashirya mata
akirasu Software, ko kaima zaka iya shirya computer program na Hausa, idan ka samata zakaga kowane abu da
zata rinka nuna maka da hausa
zakaga tana yi, har gargadi duk da
hausa, tambaya ma da hausa. Akwai
wani software da nashiray na hausa
na yin maakin dalibai na makaranta, kana yin run din program din a computa, zaka ga ta tambayeka da
hausa; kamar haka zata tambayeka maakin duka makarantar zakayi
ko maakin wani aji zakayi?, idan ka zabi na aji, sai ta kara
tambayarka.. daliban ajin sunawane sannan darasi nawa
kae koyarwa a ajin, idan ka shigar da wanan zata tambaye ka daga maaki nawane mutum za’a sa ya
fadi sanan tace shigar da maakin step by step sai ka danna enter, idan ka gama ka danna ENTER, zaka
ga taware maka suanan kowa da
maakin da yacoi da position din da ya
zo, harma idan kana son kayi wa kowa
report shiit zata yi maka, kai dai
akinka shine shigar da maaki. To kaga wannan abin shi ake kira software,
kuma akwai software dabam dabam
danayi na hausa, idan kana so, zaka
iya aiko da email zuwa manniruahmad@yahoo.com ko ka duba karshen wannan Handout din
TUNTUBE MU A.To kaga anan Ms
Internet Explorer shima software ne
wanda kamfanin Microsoft takje
shiryawa. Bayan kaje cyber café, kasiya time ambaka password kashigar da password din ka budo internet explorer, (fml=START—INTERNET EXPLORER). Sai ka duba can sama kusa da inda akarubuta Address, sai kazo kayi click a wannan dogon layin, karubuta, mail.yahoo.com kamar haka:- bayan ka rubuta sai kadanna Go ko ENTER. Bayan kadanna enter zaka ta bude maka wani feji kamar haka:- Bayan yabudo maka fejin, sai ka duba inda aka rubuta sign up sai kayi click bayan kayi click sai kajira shi zai kawo maka form din yahoo registration, bayan ya kawo maka form din yahoo registration, yanzu sai kafara cike form din kamar haka:- Bayan ka kamala cike form din, sai kaduba inda aka rubuta I agree sai kayi click din wurin, bayan kayi click din zaka dan cira har compuatr ta gama reading din form din bayan ta gama bayan tagama in kayi dai dai zakaga ta kawo ma wani sabon feji an rubuta Registration is Complete. Kamar haka shi wanan fejin zaka iya yin printing dinsa, idan kana son kayi printin dinsa kira masu kula da cyber café din su yi maka printin din, in kuma zakayi dakanka sai kadanna FILE-PRINT. Lokacin da ta nunama registration is
complete, idan kaduba kasan zakaga
an rubuta continue to yahoo mail, sai
kayi click din wurin, idan kayi click din
wurin, zakaga ya bude maka email din
ka, zaka ga an rubuta eg=welcome sager. Shi E-Mail address zaka iya budeshi a wurare kamar haka yahoo.com hotmail.com mail.com lycos.com netaddress.com email.com 37.com. Kamar yadda nayi bayani a baya, bayan kaje cyber café kaje harka budo internet explorer, zaka zo kusa da inda aka rubuta address, sai karabuta mail.yahoo.com bayan karubuta sai kadanna Go za’a budo ma feji :- bayan fejin ya bude, sai kazo inda aka rubuta yahoo ID, anan sai karubuta email dinka ba dole bane sai kasa @yahoo.com, bayan ka rubuta sai kadanna TAB ajikin kibod, ko kayi click din inda aka rubuta password sai karubuta password dinka bayan karubuta sai kayi click akan Sign in sai kajira yafude bayan yabude zakaga an ma Wellcome, idan kuma by bude ba to kayi mistake din wani harafi, sai kasake shigarwa. Idan zaka karanta wasika, sai kayi click akan inda aka rubuta inbox, ko kuma CHECK MAIL ko inda aka rubuta You have xx unread message, sai kayi click din wurin, bayan kayi click ta jero maka wasikun dakake dasu sai kazo, kan wasika, kan abin da wasikar ta kunsa sai kayi click, kana yin click zakaga wasikar ta bude sai ka karantata. Bayan ka gama karanta wasika, idan zaka goge sai ka danna DELETE zaka ganshi a saman wasikar ko a kasan wasikan,in ka gama karantawa sai kadanna CHECK MAIL or INBOX. Lokacin daka bude email dinka, idan wasika zaka rubuta sai kazo sama bangaren hagu zaka ga inda akarubuta COMPOSE sai kayi click bayan kayi click zai bude maka wani feji kamar haka:- Idan zaka rubuta wasika kana son ka kara girman rubutun, zaka duba sam kadan cikin inda kake rubuta wasikar, zakaga karamar A da babban A inkaje wurin kafin ka danna zakaga an rubuta Front Size sai kayi click din wurin, sai kazabi rin girman rubutun dakakeso. Idan kanason kasawa subutun dakake
yi kala, zakaje jerin layin daka dauko
na baya, inda kaga anyi wani T , kafin
kayi click zakaga anrubuta text colour,
sai kayi click din wurin, zai kawomaka
kaloli sai kazaba kalan dakakeso kayi click. Shi hyperlink rubutu ne, wanda idan kadanna rubutun zai kaika websites din da aka rubuta a jikin wannan hyperlink din, misali wani abokinka ne baisan ebsite din Google ba sai kana son ka aika masa da website din ta cikin email dinka, sai kazo jerin wurin da kadauko sauran zakaga inda akayi hoton kamar duniya da wani abu kamar akwa ajikin, kafin kayi click zakaga an rubuta create hyperlink sai kayi click din wurin, amma farko sai karubuta website din misali Google (sai kayi highlight dinsa) bayan karubuta sai kasa mouse dinka a gaban G sai kadanne sai kaja harzuwa e zakaga yai baki sai kaje wurin creat hypalink kayi click sai karubuta website din eg= www.google.com sai kadanna ok, duk acikin wasikar zakayi wannan. Attach file ana sashine idan kanson ka aika da hoto ko wani file daga computer dinka, idan kanason ka aika da attach file lokacin daka budo wasika zakaga wani wuri anrubuta Attach files sai kayi click a wurin zai budo maka wani wuri sai kayi click akan browse bayan kayi click saika zabi file dinda zaka aika bayan kayi click akan file din sai kayi click akan open sannan sai kayi click din attach files sai kajirata ta gama loda file din sai kayi click akan continue message sai kaci gaba da wasikarka. Idan kana rubuta wasika sai baka gamaba kuma kaga lokacin ka ya kusa karewa ko kana son ka ajje wasikar bayanzu zaka aika da itaba, zaka iya ajje ta a draft lokacin da kadawo kaci gaba da rubuta ta sannan sai ka aika, yada zaka ajje abu a draft shine, lokacin da kake rubuta wasika idan kaduba saman wasikar zakaga inda aka rubuta SAVE AS DRAFT to nan zakayi click sai ta ajje ma wasikar duk randa kazo sai kaci gaba.
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